Direct Dyes
Direct Dyes are molecules that adhere to the fabric molecules without help from other chemicals. In this
experiment we will use a dye known as malachite green to illustrate this process.
experiment we will use a dye known as malachite green to illustrate this process.
Mordant Dyes
Mordant Dyes are dyes that do not adhere to fabrics directly. These need a chemical intermediate, known as a mordant, to attach themselves to the fabric. In this process, the mordant is applied to the fabric and then the dye is applied, which then bonds to the mordant. In this experiment, we will use tannic acid as a mordant to dye a sample of cotton with malachite green dye.
Developed Dyes
Developed Dyes are those where the dye-forming chemical reaction is carried out on the fabric. This process is commonly done with diazo dyes which are characterized by containing a -N=N- structure in the molecule. In this experiment, we will use a dye known as para red which will be formed on the cotton fabric from the reaction between p-nitroaniline and 2-naphthol.
Vat Dyes
Vat Dyes are insoluble in their colored form. They are reduced by another chemical and converted to a soluble form.
The reduced dye is applied to the fabric, and then exposed to the air which oxidizes he dye back to its colored form.
In this experiment indigo dye will be used to dye a sample of cotton fabric. Indigo is the dye used to make blue jeans blue.
The reduced dye is applied to the fabric, and then exposed to the air which oxidizes he dye back to its colored form.
In this experiment indigo dye will be used to dye a sample of cotton fabric. Indigo is the dye used to make blue jeans blue.
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