Basic Textile Terms of Spinning:
Fiber: The fundamental component used in making textile yarns and fabrics. Fibers are fine substances with a high ratio of length to thickness. They can be either natural (e.g. cotton, wool, silk etc.) or synthetic (e.g. polyester, nylon, acrylic etc.).
Blow room Lap: The Loose strand, roughly parallel, untwisted fiber sheet produced in blow room.
Chute feed system: It is a system of feeding small tufts of fibers directly from blow room to a series of cards, arranged in a circuit through pneumatic pipe.
Sliver: The strand of loose, roughly parallel, untwisted fibers produced in Carding.
Roving: The soft strand of carded/combed fibres that has been twisted, attenuated, and freed of foreign matter, which is a feed material to spinning.
Yarn: A continuous strand of textile fibers that may be composed of endless filaments or shorter fibers twisted or otherwise held together.
Spinning: The process of making yarns from the textile fiber is called spinning. Spinning is the twisting together of drawn out strands of fibers to form yarn.
Yarn Count/Sliver Hank
Yarn count is the numerical expression of yarn, which defines its fineness or coarseness. (Linear density). Yarn count system: Indirect system: English count (Ne), Worsted Count etc. i.e. Higher the yarn number, finer the yarn.
Direct System: Tex, Denier i.e. Higher the yarn number , Coarser the yarn.
Similarly numerical expression of fineness or coarseness of Lap, sliver & roving are called Hank.
Note: English (Ne) count system is commonly followed in India.
English Count: No. of Hanks of length 840 yds weighing in 1 pound
1yds: 0.9144mtrs
1lbs: 0.453 Kgs.
e.g. 40s Ne = 40 hanks of 840 yds weighs 1 lbs.
20s Ne = 20 hanks of 840 yds weighs 1 lbs.
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